环境：Mac Air OS X 10.10；CentOS6.7 PXE安装系统原理示意图（引用）配置DHCP server 方法一安装获得dhcpd命令 brew instal

环境：Mac Air OS X 10.10；CentOS6.7

PXE安装系统原理

示意图（引用）

配置DHCP server

方法一

安装获得dhcpd命令
```
brew install isc-dhcp
```
修改 /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf

＃cat /usr/local/etc/dhcp.confdefault-lease-time 600;max-lease-time 7200;authoritative;#option domain-name ustc.edu.cn ;#option domain-name-servers 202.38.64.7 ;subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.250;  #range 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.250;  option routers 192.168.1.1;  option domain-name-servers 202.38.64.7 ;  next-server 192.168.1.1;  filename "BOOTX64.efi";  #filename "/private/pxe/share_tftp/pxelinux.0";}

启动DHCP

连接以太网络网线，并找到其网络设备名，此地为en3

```
＃/usr/local/sbin/dhcpd -f -d en3
```

方法二（not tested）

编辑/etc/bootpd.plist使：

$cat /etc/bootpd.plist<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><plist version="1.0"><dict>	<key>dhcp_enabled</key>	<string>en3</string>	<key>Subnets</key>	<array>		<dict>			<key>name</key>			<string>192.168.1</string>			<key>net_mask</key>			<string>255.255.255.0</string>			<key>net_address</key>			<string>192.168.1.0</string>			<key>net_range</key>			<array>				<string>192.168.1.2</string>				<string>192.168.1.254</string>			</array>			<key>allocate</key>			<true/>			<key>dhcp_option_66</key>			<string>192.168.1.1</string>			<key>dhcp_option_67</key>			<data>cHhlbGludXguMAA=</data>		</dict>	</array></dict>

注意其中dhcp_option_67的参数由以下对pxelinux.0转换而来：

$print %s00 `echo -n pxelinux.0 | xxd -p` | xxd -r -p | openssl base64cHhlbGludXguMAA

载入启动

＃launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/bootps.plist＃launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/bootps.plist

配置TFTP server

复制 /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/tftp.plist 到 /private/pxe/tftp.plist 并修改为（或者直接修改使用前面文件）：

sh-3.2# cat /private/pxe/tftp.plist <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"><plist version="1.0"><dict>	<key>Disabled</key>	<true/>	<key>Label</key>	<string>com.apple.tftpd</string>	<key>ProgramArguments</key>	<array>		<string>/usr/libexec/tftpd</string>		<string>-i</string>		<string>/private/pxe/share_tftp</string>	</array>	<key>inetdCompatibility</key>	<dict>		<key>Wait</key>		<true/>	</dict>	<key>InitGroups</key>	<true/>	<key>Sockets</key>	<dict>		<key>Listeners</key>		<dict>			<key>SockServiceName</key>			<string>tftp</string>			<key>SockType</key>			<string>dgram</string>		</dict>	</dict></dict></plist>sh-3.2#

to start the TFTP server
```
＃launchctl load －F /private/pxe/tftp.plist
```
（-w可以在TFTP sever disable的情况下自动enable，-F则是强制load）

to stop it

＃launchctl unload -F /private/pxe/tftp.plist

放入必要文件，the folder reads:

sh-3.2# ls -R /private/pxe/share_tftpLegacyBOOT./LegacyBOOT:DFPT.jpg	centos6.7	menu.msg	pxelinux.0	pxelinux.cfg./LegacyBOOT/centos6.7:TRANS.TBL	initrd.img	vmlinuz./LegacyBOOT/pxelinux.cfg:default

检查TFTP服务是否工作

sh-3.2# tftp localhosttftp> get LegacyBOOT/pxelinux.0Received 27157 bytes in 0.0 secondstftp> quitsh-3.2# lsdhcpd.conf	pxelinux.0	share_nfs	share_tftp	tftp.plistsh-3.2# rm pxelinux.0

cat menu.msg

sh-3.2# cat share_tftp/menu.msg Choose one of the following labels in order to boot:- centos6.7sh-3.2#

cat pxelinux.cfg/default

sh-3.2# cat /private/pxe/share_tftp//LegacyBOOT/pxelinux.cfg/default timeout 100prompt 1display menu.msgdefault 0 label locate   localboot 0label centos  menu label CentOS 6.7 x86_64 KS  kernel centos6.7/vmlinuz  append initrd=centos6.7/initrd.img ramdisk_size=100 ksdevice=eth0 ks=nfs:192.168.1.1:/private/pxe/share_nfs/ks.cfg ip=dhcp

ks.cfg是kickstart无值守安装配置文件

此处略过，按需操作。

配置NFS服务

编辑文件

sudo nano /etc/exports

为

sh-3.2# cat /etc/exports /private/pxe/share_nfs -maproot=nobody -ro -alldirs -network 192.168.0.0 -mask 255.255.0.0sh-3.2#

运行
```
nfsd checkexports
```
正常没有输出。
检查NFS状态
```
nfsd status
```
检查共享目录

sh-3.2# showmount -eExports list on localhost:/private/pxe/share_nfs              192.168.0.0

修改为支持UEFI PXE启动

sh-3.2# ls -R /private/pxe/share_tftp/EFIBOOT/BOOTX64.conf	BOOTX64.efi	TRANS.TBL	efidefault	splash.xpm.gz

除efidefault外，其他均来自CentOS 6.7 x86-64 ISO中的 EFI/BOOT目录。

修改dhcpd.conf为支持UEFI

sh-3.2# cat /usr/local/etc/dhcpd.conf# for PXE default-lease-time 600;max-lease-time 7200;authoritative;#option domain-name ustc.edu.cn ;#option domain-name-servers 202.38.64.7 ;option space PXE;option PXE.mtftp-ip    code 1 = ip-address;option PXE.mtftp-cport code 2 = unsigned integer 16;option PXE.mtftp-sport code 3 = unsigned integer 16;option PXE.mtftp-tmout code 4 = unsigned integer 8;option PXE.mtftp-delay code 5 = unsigned integer 8;option arch code 93 = unsigned integer 16; # RFC4578subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {  range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.250;  #range 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.250;  option routers 192.168.1.1;  option domain-name-servers 202.38.64.7 ;  #host examplehost {  #  hardware ethernet AA:BB:CC:DD:EE:FF;  #  fixed-address 192.168.1.250;   #}  class "pxelients" {    match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";    next-server 192.168.1.1;    if option arch = 00:06 {      filename "EFIBOOTIA/BOOTIA32.efi";    } else if option arch = 00:07 {      filename "EFIBOOT/BOOTX64.efi";    } else {      filename "LegacyBOOT/pxelinux.0";    }       }}

pxelinux.cfg/default文件换成efidefault

sh-3.2# cat EFIBOOT/efidefault timeout 60#prompt 1splashimage=(nd)/splash.xpm.gz#hiddenmenu#display menu.msgdefault=0#default centos6.7#default vesamenu.c32#default rescuetitle Install centos6.7 UEFI KS  root (nd)  kernel LegacyBOOT/centos6.7/vmlinuz ramdisk_size=100 ksdevice=eth0 ks=nfs:192.168.1.1:/private/pxe/share_nfs/ks.cfg ip=dhcp  initrd LegacyBOOT/centos6.7/initrd.img

注意UEFI中的kickstart配置文件ks.cfg等需要置于 kernel vmlinuz 后，而不是legacy 下的 initrd 后。

配置PXE LiveOS

CentOS 6.7 LIve PXE

首先使用 livecd-iso-to-pxeboot 将iso中的kernel与initrd转化为支持Live PXE的，其中initrd中包含整个系统。
PXE配置中使用生成的kernel与initrd。

客户端安装系统

设置BIOS为网络PXE安装（注意Legacy与UEFI两种方式的区别）
启动安装

参考

KickStart：

http://blog.csdn.net/taiyang1987912/article/details/42176709

Mac PXE sever：

https://fvtool.wordpress.com/2013/01/02/osx-as-pxeboot-server/

http://hints.macworld.com/article.php?story=20130625164022823

centOS & EFI：

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Installation_Guide/s1-netboot-pxe-config-efi.html

目录CONTENT

Mac OS X 搭建PXE服务器并无人值守安装Linux系统（基于DHCP TFTP NFS kickstart）