需求说明： 现在有一个硬盘单独挂载到了某个分区下面，但是容量满了又不能将内容迁移走，这样就只能增加原来硬盘的容量，原来分区容量10G，现在需要将硬盘扩大到15G，将容量加到分区内，这里面涉及到危险的操
需求说明：
现在有一个硬盘单独挂载到了某个分区下面，但是容量满了又不能将内容迁移走，这样就只能增加原来硬盘的容量，原来分区容量10G，现在需要将硬盘扩大到15G，将容量加到分区内，这里面涉及到危险的操作就是要修改分区表
测试说明：
Ubuntu 14.10 文件系统类型：ext4
原先容量10G，写入文件后，将硬盘扩展至15G
#df –hFilesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda1 57G 1.9G 53G 4% /none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroupudev 988M 4.0K 988M 1% /devtmpfs 201M 492K 200M 1% /run/dev/sdb1 9.8G 37M 9.2G 1% /data
# 取消挂载
# umount /data# 删除分区并重新建立分区
# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.25.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 has been deleted.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 15 GiB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x41b124e6
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-31457279, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-31457279, default 31457279):
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 15 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 15 GiB, 16106127360 bytes, 31457280 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x41b124e6
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 31457279 31455232 15G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
扩展分区大小
# resize2fs /dev/sdb1 14.9Gresize2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)resize2fs: Invalid new size: 14.9G# 如果是下面的情况就会报错，扩展容量不能大于总block
root@ubuntu:~# resize2fs /dev/sdb1 15Gresize2fs 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)The containing partition (or device) is only 3931904 (4k) blocks.You requested a new size of 3932160 blocks.#检查文件系统正确性
root@ubuntu:~# e2fsck -f /dev/sdb1e2fsck 1.42.10 (18-May-2014)Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizesPass 2: Checking directory structurePass 3: Checking directory connectivityPass 4: Checking reference countsPass 5: Checking group summary information/dev/sdb1: 1836/655360 files (0.2% non-contiguous), 83256/2621184 blocks# 将分区挂载到相应目录
# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
# df –h
root@ubuntu:~# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 57G 1.9G 53G 4% /
none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev 988M 4.0K 988M 1% /dev
tmpfs 201M 492K 200M 1% /run
/dev/sdb1 15G 38M 14G 1% /data
硬盘扩展完成，请查看文件内容是否变动
