第一步:先确保系统已经安装了gcc-c++、pcre、zlib、openssl 如果没有装的话可以使用下面的命令,都转装一下 yum install gcc-c++ yum install pcre
第一步:先确保系统已经安装了gcc-c++、pcre、zlib、openssl
如果没有装的话可以使用下面的命令,都转装一下
yum install gcc-c++ yum install pcre pcre-devel yum install zlib zlib-devel yum install openssl openssl--devel
第二步:检查有没有安装过nginx
find -name nginx
如果系统已经安装了nginx,那么就先卸载
yum remove nginx
然后从官网下载最新版的nginx并解压下找个地方存放,一般放在/usr/local下
第三步:安装nginx
./configure 默认安装在/usr/local/nginx make make install
看一下nginx的版本,有没有问题
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -V
启动和重启Nginx
#启动:/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #重启/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
第四步:配置nginx
(1)负载均衡
...http{... #服务器的集群 upstream tomcats.com { #服务器集群名字 server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=5;#服务器配置 weight是权重的意思,权重越大,分配的概率越大。 server 127.0.0.1:28080 weight=5; } server { ... location / { root index.html; proxy_pass http://tomcats.com; #对应服务器集群的名字 index index.html; }...}...
把准备好的集群地址写到upstream里根据比重nginx会分配用户访问的概率,我现在搭建了两台分别设置了5、5,相当于10个用户访问我的网站,有5个人会进入8080端口的tomcat服务器,另外5个人会进入28080端口的tomcat服务器,减少了每个服务器的压力。
(2)静态资源管理
...http{... server{ ... location /assets/ { #请求地址 root /usr/local/resources; #资源存在的根目录 expires 30d; #存活时间30天 #autoindex on; #是否允许显示整个目录 } location /scripts/ { root /usr/local/resources; expires 30d; #autoindex on; } location /styles/ { root /usr/local/resources; expires 30d; #autoindex on; } location /fonts/ { root /usr/local/resources; expires 30d; #autoindex on; } ... }...}...
网站开发者可以将不常更新的文件放入静态资源中管理,比如js文件放到静态资源中,这样用户在访问网站是请求的js就不会去服务请求了,会直接去静态资源中获取,可以减轻服务的压力。
具体操作:
在/usr/local/下创建resources/scripts的文件目录同时放入js文件,同时需要在/usr/local/nginx的目录下也创建scripts文件夹,里面可以是空的,但是名字要和resources下的scripts名字要一样。其他的一些静态资源如图片、字体也是这样操作的,可以都放一起,也可以分开来整理,这个看自己的习惯。
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这是我自己的nginx的配置文件,现在只使用了负载均衡和静态资源
#user nobody;worker_processes 1;#error_log logs/error.log;#error_log logs/error.log notice;#error_log logs/error.log info;#pid logs/nginx.pid;events { worker_connections 1024;}http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; #服务器的集群 upstream tomcats.com { #服务器集群名字 server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=5;#服务器配置 weight是权重的意思,权重越大,分配的概率越大。 server 127.0.0.1:28080 weight=5; } server { listen 80; #监听端口 server_name www.xxx.cn; #网站入口地址 #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root index.html; proxy_pass http://tomcats.com; index index.html; # try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html =404; } location /assets/ { root /usr/local/resources; expires 30d; #autoindex on; } location /scripts/ { root /usr/local/resources; expires 30d; #autoindex on; } location /styles/ { root /usr/local/resources; expires 30d; #autoindex on; } location /fonts/ { root /usr/local/resources; expires 30d; #autoindex on; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ /.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ /.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ //.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #}}